Methanol, methyl alcohol, CH3OH is an organic compound, It is the simplest of the aliphatic alcohols. Known to science since 1661 when Robert Boyle first described it, he is also credited with discovering this compound. It is highly toxic to humans. Its consumption or absorption through contact with aerosol or vapors can cause serious damage to the central nervous system, blindness and even death. Already a dose of only 8-10 grams for a human can lead to permanent and irreversible blindness, and a dose of 12-20 grams is considered lethal.
Until 1923, methanol was produced only by the decomposition distillation of wood, currently obtained synthetically by one of two methods from syngas: the ICI method or the Lurgi method.
Methanol is used in industry mainly as a universal organic solvent, it is also an irreplaceable component of the process of obtaining formaldehyde, methyl chloride and many dyes.
In addition, it is used on a large scale in pharmaceuticals, industrial production of plastics, synthetic fibers. It is also a valued fuel for internal combustion engines and an additive to fuels. Also used in DMFC fuel cells.
An interesting fact is that at the beginning of 2015 in the Gdańsk “Remontowa” shipyard, for the first time in the world, the engines of the ship (Stena Germanica) were adapted to be powered by methanol.
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